1. Endometriosis is a gynecological condition in which the lining of the uterus is found on other structures throughout the pelvis (including the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder and pelvic floor.) It?s not known exactly why endometriosis causes menstrual pain, but it?s thought it may be to do with where lining of the uterus is located and how it?s formed. Displaced endometrium can cause chronic inflammation, chocolate cysts and internal bleeding ? all of which can prompt excruciating pelvic pain.

2. Adenomyosis is similar to endometriosis - except instead of the lining implanting itself outside of the uterus, it is found embedded deep within the muscle. Symptoms can include painful cramping and painful intercourse, but it?s usually seen in women over the age of 30 who have already had children.
3. Uterine Fibroids will develop in as many as 75% of women, but their size determines whether or not they?ll present any symptoms. Although many are microscopic, some are large enough to distort the shape of the uterus and can increase not only the amount of bleeding, but the severity of menstrual pain - as the uterus must contract to expel the large blood clots that often result.

4. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is an infection of the female reproductive tract, most commonly caused by untreated sexually transmitted infections. Left untreated, PID can cause inflammation, scarring, painful menstruation and infertility thanks to the scar tissue left behind. During menstruation, ...